1.求有关研究李清照的外文文献或研究古诗词的外文文献,还要翻译成中英文介绍是在国外的网站和中国对外的上找到的 中文翻译是我自己人工翻的 （- -！ 那个辛苦哇~~~） 你看看吧 外文文献比较少的 我才找到2篇介绍她的呀 一般是把李清照和某个外国的诗人对比的评论 自己翻的好累的阿 给点分分吧 ~~~~~~（1） During the several thousand years of feudal society in China , women were invariably placed at the bottom of society, their talent and intelligence given no chance to develop. Throughout the ages, however, nearly a hundred remarkable women writers succeeded in breaking through the bounds of the feudal ethical code and winning their rightful place in the history of literature. Their artistic achievements were by no means inferior to those of their contemporary male counterparts. Among these illustrious women, Li Qingzhao, a poetess of the Song Dynasty, was the most outstanding and influential.Li Qingzhao was born of a famous literary man's family in Jinan, Shandong. In her childhood, she had received a good education and read extensively in ancient Chinese history and literature. Her husband Zhao Mingcheng was a brilliant Imperial University student who was deeply interested in classical scholarship and especially in epigraphy and archaeology. There is an interesting anecdote about their marriage. When Zhao Mingcheng was still a youngster, he had a dream one day while taking a nap. On waking up, he remembered only three of the lines in a book he had been reading in his dream: "Words will fall into place; hair grows profuse without a cap; stalemate shall be truncated. " Full of curiosity he told his father about it. The latter was overjoyed, saying, "It seems to me that you will soon have a talented woman for wife. " He then began to give his explanation. "Words falling into place is the process of composing a poem; a capless person who has long hair is a woman; and 'stalemate' truncated makes the word 'mate'. Doesn't that mean you are going to be a talented woman's mate?" Common interest and aspirations brought about a perfect marriage. Since they cherished the same ideals and were utterly devoted to each other, they were always seen together, sightseeing, composing poetry and exchanging ideas on the appreciation of literary works. On the other hand, they led a frugal life, and whatever money they could spare they spent on books, scrolls of art and curios, and made a systematic study of them.Connubial happiness made the two loath to part with each other. On the few occasions when Zhao Mingcheng had to be away from home on official business, Li Qingzhao would be pining at home for his early return. The best she could do was to commit her yearning and agonizing thoughts to paper by way of writing poetry. One of the ci poems composed to the tune of Ru-mengling runs as follows:My sleep last night was troubled by a violent storm outside,And when I work I still felt dizzy from the lingering effect of wine ; Anxiously I asked the maid who rolled up the bamboo curtains,To my surprise came her reply, "The flowers are all right. ""But that's impossible, and don't you know all would remain a scene,Of petals fallen and leaves of their company sorrowfully deprived!" This short poem of no more than six lines effectively describes through a short poetic dialogue the scene of a storm-swept garden in autumn. The description reflects the loneliness of a sad sensitive woman touched by the sight of fallen petals and reminded of the transience of youth. In the line "petals fallen and leaves of their company sorrowfully deprived," "petals" and "leaves" are personified and the dual images of a dismal scene in nature and a self-pitying woman are blended. Despite its sadness and sentimentality, the poem has won high admiration from posterity for its plain figurative language, natural but sophisticated description, and pregnant and profound artistic conception. "Petals fallen and leaves of their company sorrowfully deprived" has since become a famous oft-quoted line.Once on a Double Ninth Festival, Li Qingzhao sent a poem she had written to her husband who was then far away. After reading it, Zhao Mingcheng couldn't help admiring its superb artistry which he felt eclipsed his own compositions. Yet with the hope of doing better than his wife, he shut himself up for three whole days refusing to see anyone, and succeeded in composing over fifty poems.Then, mixing them up with those written by his wife, he took them to his friend for comments. His friend read the mixed lot over carefully several times and said, "Of all these poems, my opinion is that the following lines are the best:I have indeed been pining 。 2.求有关中国诗词的外文文献,纳兰容若,《长恨歌》,诗经,都可以全文：： 汉皇重色思倾国，御宇多年求不得。 杨家有女初长成，养在深闺人未识。 天生丽质难自弃，一朝选在君王侧。 回眸一笑百媚生，六宫粉黛无颜色。 春寒赐浴华清池，温泉水滑洗凝脂。 侍儿扶起娇无力，始是新承恩泽时。 云鬓花颜金步摇，芙蓉帐暖度春宵。 春宵苦短日高起，从此君王不早朝。 承欢侍宴无闲暇，春从春游夜专夜。 后宫佳丽三千人，三千宠爱在一身。 金屋妆成娇侍夜，玉楼宴罢醉和春。 姊妹弟兄皆列士，可怜光彩生门户。 遂令天下父母心，不重生男重生女。 骊宫高处入青云，仙乐风飘处处闻。 缓歌慢舞凝丝竹，尽日君王看不足。 渔阳鼙鼓动地来，惊破霓裳羽衣曲。 九重城阙烟尘生，千乘万骑西南行。 翠华摇摇行复止，西出都门百余里。 六军不发无奈何，宛转蛾眉马前死。 花钿委地无人收，翠翘金雀玉搔头。 君王掩面救不得，回看血泪相和流。 黄埃散漫风萧索，云栈萦纡登剑阁。 峨嵋山下少人行，旌旗无光日色薄。 蜀江水碧蜀山青，圣主朝朝暮暮情。 行宫见月伤心色，夜雨闻铃肠断声。 天旋地转回龙驭，至此踌躇不能去。 马嵬坡下泥土中，不见玉颜空死处。 君臣相顾尽沾衣，东望都门信马归。 归来池苑皆依旧，太液芙蓉未央柳。 芙蓉如面柳如眉，对此如何不泪垂。 春风桃李花开日，秋雨梧桐叶落时。 西宫南内多秋草，落叶满阶红不扫。 梨园弟子白发新，椒房阿监青娥老。 夕殿萤飞思悄然，孤灯挑尽未成眠。 迟迟钟鼓初长夜，耿耿星河欲曙天。 鸳鸯瓦冷霜华重，翡翠衾寒谁与共。 悠悠生死别经年，魂魄不曾来入梦。 临邛道士鸿都客，能以精诚致魂魄。 为感君王辗转思，遂教方士殷勤觅。 排空驭气奔如电，升天入地求之遍。 上穷碧落下黄泉，两处茫茫皆不见。 忽闻海上有仙山，山在虚无缥缈间。 楼阁玲珑五云起，其中绰约多仙子。 中有一人字太真，雪肤花貌参差是。 金阙西厢叩玉扇，转教小玉报双成。 闻道汉家天子使，九华帐里梦魂惊。 揽衣推枕起徘徊，珠箔银屏迤逦开。 云髻半偏新睡觉，花冠不整下堂来。 风吹仙袂飘飘举，犹似霓裳羽衣舞。 玉容寂寞泪阑干，梨花一枝春带雨。 含情凝睇谢君王，一别音容两渺茫。 昭阳殿里恩爱绝，蓬莱宫中日月长。 回头下望人寰处，不见长安见尘雾。 唯将旧物表深情，钿合金钗寄将去。 钗留一股合一扇，钗擘黄金合分钿。 但教心似金钿坚，天上人间会相见。 临别殷勤重寄词，词中有誓两心知。 七月七日长生殿，夜半无人私语时。 在天愿作比翼鸟，在地愿为连理枝。 天长地久有时尽，此恨绵绵无绝期。 3.关于苏轼诗词的英文文献《水调歌头》（明月几时有） "Thinking of You" When will the moon be clear and bright? With a cup of wine in my hand, I ask the blue sky. I don't know what season it would be in the heavens on this night. I'd like to ride the wind to fly home. Yet I fear the crystal and jade mansions are much too high and cold for me. Dancing with my moon-lit shadow It does not seem like the human world The moon rounds the red mansion Stoops to silk-pad doors Shines upon the sleepless Bearing no grudge Why does the moon tend to be full when people are apart? People may have sorrow or joy, be near or far apart The moon may be dim or bright, wax or wane This has been going on since the beginning of time May we all be blessed with longevity Though far apart, we are still able to share the beauty of the moon together. 《江城子》（十年生死两茫茫） Ten years, dead and living dim and draw apart. I don't try to remember, But forgetting is hard. Lonely grave a thousand miles off, Cold thoughts, where can I talk them out? Even if we met, you wouldn't know me, Dust on my face, Hair like frost. In a dream last night suddenly I was home. By the window of the little room, You were combing your hair and making up. You turned and looked, not speaking, Only lines of tears coursing down. Year after year will it break my heart? The moonlit grave, The stubby pines. 4.求一篇3000字英文文献Lessor (hereinafter referred to as Party A) Lessee (hereinafter referred to as Party B)Company Name: Company Name:Company Address: Address:Legal representative: Legal representative:Under the "Contract Law" and the relevant provisions of the Party and Party B for the specific rights and obligations, both voluntary and equal basis, under the principle of equal compensation through full consultations, specific legislation in this contract.The contents of the first leaseParty A will be located in urban areas leased to Party B No. facade. Party on the rental housing has a legitimate property rights.Second, a lease to Party B of the housing construction area of square meters floor area in square meters. Party B agreed to the leased building for business use, the extent of the business license to Party B shall prevail.4, Party A Party B to provide the room are: fire facilities and equipment for power distribution. The equipment operation and maintenance costs, included in the rental, Party B will not be paid.The second term of the leaseFive-year lease, until years from the date of years on.Article rent and other costs6, the effective annual rent for a total contract yuan (RMB).7, each lease year on a monthly basis.8, the actual use of electricity by the daily number of (measured) and, on the 10th turn in each month on electricity (Party Agency to produce electricity fees invoice) other expenses, mutual agreement added to this clause.Article IV rights and obligations of both parties9, Party(A) Party A shall ensure that rental housing and be in good condition and can be used normally, and is responsible for annual inspections and routine maintenance, repair; who come across government departments seeking to transform the facilities needed on, all costs borne by Party .(Ii) leased by Party B or renovation of housing renovation programs to monitor and review and timely comments.(3) is responsible for coordinating the relationship between the various departments in the region, and Party B to provide a valid business license and related procedures that property.(D) Party A ensure that the original interior wires, cables to meet the B normal business use, and regular checks of their integrity (B own excluded), found that problems should be promptly informed of the Party. As the supply line issues to the economic losses caused by Party B, Party B should be given full compensation.(E) During the contract period, Party A shall not be introduced again similar (jewelry) business. Such as breach of contract should compensate Party B RMB economic damages, and clear the business.(Vi) Party A shall ensure that rental housing meet industry requirements for fire safety installations, fire jurisdiction to provide Party B issued by the department of electricity, fire inspection certificate copy.(G) the equipment, facilities problems Party shall promptly repair or replace, if not timely implementation of the Party, Party B is entitled on behalf of repair or replacement costs (invoice) deducted from the rent.10, B(A) national laws, regulations, policies, operating within the permitted and office.(B) of the contract period, on the rental housing and facilities have the legal right to use.(C) of the contents of the contract to pay rent and other expenses.Article V and the time of payment11, signed a contract to pay Party B RMB Party for the deposit, within five days after the formal admission to the first month's rent RMB fee.12, B from the second payment, each time this month, five days before delivery.13, Party B shall pay the fees can use bank transfer, check, money order or cash.Article VI housing renovation or reconstruction14, B, such as the need for the rental housing renovation or reconstruction, it must first obtain the written consent of Party A, Party B shall own the costs of reconstruction. Termination of the contract, cancel the lease relationship, B, or transformation and renovation of facilities housing all owned by Party all (except the mobile facilities).Article renewal15, after the expiration of this contract, Party B has the extension.16, B For renewal, the lease should be made before the expiry of two months to the Party, and sign a new lease contract.Article VIII Other17, Party A and Party B changes the legal representative of any party, corporate relocation, merger, does not affect the continued performance of this contract. Changes, the party that merged to become executor of this contract, of course, and assume the contents of this contract the rights and obligations.18, need for a provision of this contract change, it must be determined in writing, the two sides entered into a supplemental agreement, received a l。 5.急求一篇5000个词的英文文献Novel Foods to Treat Food Allergy and Gastrointestinal Infection Hilary A. Perr, MD（题目、作者）AddressEvolving Foods and Children's Health, Division of PediatricGastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, California PacificMedical Center, Box 7999, San Francisco, CA 94120, USA.E-mail: hperr@itsa.ucsf.eduCurrent Gastroenterology Reports 2004, 6:254–260Current Science Inc. ISSN 1522-8037Copyright © 2004 by Current Science Inc.（正文）The gastrointestinal tract communicates directly with theexternal environment. Necessary nutrients must be absorbedand commensal bacteria tolerated, and foreign proteins,antigens, and pathogens must be simultaneously excluded ordestroyed. Immaturity or disruption of the mucosal immunedefenses increases vulnerability to food allergy, intolerance,and infectious disease. Diseases resulting from ingested foreignproteins and organisms are increasing and cause morbidity andmortality worldwide. There is no specific treatment for foodallergy other than avoidance. Vaccination for infectious diseaseis limited by the cost and logistics of distribution andadministration, particularly in developing countries. Novelstrategies are being explored to modulate the gut mucosalimmune system by altering protein expression in food. Cropsare being developed to remove deleterious allergens toprevent immunogenic exposure while preserving nutritionalquality. Local food plants that express protein fragments ofpathogens might provide an effective means to stimulate gutmucosal immunity while increasing vaccine accessibility.IntroductionAberrant immune responses to ingested foreign proteins orpathogens may lead to the expression of allergic, autoimmune,or infectious disease in the gastrointestinal tract.Ideally, the mucosal immune response inactivates the foreignprotein without injuring the host. Cellular and noncellularmechanisms participate [1]. Gastrointestinal proteolyticenzymes, extremes in pH, and emulsification by bile reduceantigenic potential. The mucin glycoprotein layer, secretoryimmunoglobulin A (sIgA), and epithelial tight junctionsimpede attachment and passage of foreign proteins. Junctionalintegrity may be compromised during the perinatalperiod, inflammation, and food allergy, permitting luminalantigens and pathogens to gain access to the lamina propria.Once the epithelial barrier is breeched, allergens may crosslink with IgE, thereby stimulating mast cell degranulation,epithelial fluid, and electrolyte secretion.Food allergy arises when an oral allergen provokes anabnormal immune response. Responses occur by IgE-mediatedor non-IgE cellular mechanisms. IgE causes hives, wheezing,and hypotension. A mixed pathology can manifest asgastrointestinal symptoms resulting from eosinophilicinflammation and increased vascular permeability. Clinicalforms of delayed cell-mediated non-IgE pathology includeceliac disease and protein enteropathy [2].Luminal presentation of an antigen, in a food or vaccine,is an important means of stimulating mucosal immunity[3,4]. The antigen is taken up by specialized M cells within theintestinal lining and transferred to macrophages and B cells.Portions of the antigen displayed on macrophage membranesstimulate T-helper (Th) cells and activate B cells to produceneutralizing antibodies. Later ingestion of an intact pathogenelicits memory Th cells to produce cytotoxic T cells, whichattack infected cells. Memory Th cells also induce a brisksecretion of antibodies by stimulated B cells. Therefore, oralvaccines can be a particularly effective first line of defenseagainst many of the ingested pathogens responsible forgastrointestinal disease.New strategies are being explored to modulate the gutmucosal immune system by altering protein expression infood plants. Food allergens can be removed from food plantsby mutagenesis, gene silencing, or antisense oligonucleotides.Conversely, novel proteins can be expressed in plants to createedible vaccines. Recombinant DNA technology can be used totransfer genes from other organisms to plants. Similar technologyhas already been employed to make human insulin.One method of gene transfer involves coating microscopicmetal particles with the desired DNA and accelerating theparticles directly into plant cells with a particle gun. Alternatively,the gene of interest can be inserted into the DNA of abacterial or yeast plasmid. Plasmid-bearing bacteria thentransfer recombinant DNA into host plant cells, where therecombinant DNA incorporates into the plant genome. Transferof the recombinant DNA into the plant cell by eithermethod 。 6.求一篇5000字左右的外文文献【作者】Zhang Shi-feng Zhang Shao-de Li Kun Zheng Xiao 【文章标题】Model Reference Adaptive Control based on Neural Network for Electrode System in Electric Arc Furnace【期刊名，年份，卷（期），起止页码】 Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference, 2006. IPEMC '06. CES/IEEE 5th International,Publication Date: 14-16 Aug. 2006Volume: 3, On page(s): 1-3。 |